![]() ![]() Although not necessarily a great leader, Rashid did rule the Arabian Empire competently at the very height of its power and wealth. Harun was a lover of music and poetry, and he gave lavish gifts to artists in his court. The Caliphate enjoyed economic and industrial growth, plus an explosion in trade. Although the Empire would continue to exist for some centuries, it would never again reach the brilliant heights it had under Harun al-Rashid.Īlthough there were wars and internal trouble, most of Rashid's reign was peaceful and prosperous. His passing marked the beginning of the slow decline of the Arabian Empire after his death pieces of it were carved away by external enemies and internal revolt. Harun became ill and died in 808 while on his way to deal with a revolt in Iran. When Irene was deposed and the Byzantines reneged on the agreement in 806, Harun led another army north and once again forced the Byzantines to capitulate. After negotiation with the Empress Irene, Harun agreed to spare the city in return for an annual tribute of 70,000 gold coins. Under his father, Harun had led an army through Turkey to the gates of Constantinople, capitol of the Byzantine Empire. ![]() However, his relations were somewhat less friendly with the Byzantines. He also had diplomatic relations with the Imperial Court in China. He had direct diplomatic relations with Charlemagne, and in these pre-Crusade years Europeans had free access to Jerusalem and the Holy Lands. ![]() Politically, Harun attempted to maintain cordial relations with the European powers. According to ancient historians, Harun's wife insisted that all utensils and plates at her table be made of gold and festooned with jewels. During Harun's reign huge amounts of wealth poured into the Empire, and a goodly portion of it made it to the Caliph's coffers. Although exaggerated, there is a strong element of truth to the tale. Later Harun would move his government to the strategically important city of ar-Raqqah, but Baghdad would remain a great city of arts, science and commerce for centuries to come (the city would be conquered and sacked by the Mongols in 1258).Ī somewhat fantastic description of Harun may be found in "The Thousand and One Nights," in which the Caliph is described as living in a sumptuous palace flowing with gold, silver, and jewels. Under Harun Baghdad would blossom, becoming perhaps the largest and richest city in the world. There Harun founded the "House of Wisdom," a library and research facility which collected and translated scientific writings from Persian, Indian, Greek, and Roman texts. The city was a center of arts, science and religion, with many beautiful buildings. True or not, al-Khayzuran was one of Harun's chief advisors until her death in 789.Īt the start of Harun's reign, the Caliphate's capital was in Baghdad, a new city founded by an earlier Caliph. Al-Hadi died of a stomach ailment under somewhat suspicious circumstances, and some believed that his mother had al-Hadi poisoned because she had much stronger influence with her younger son, Harun. The son of the third Caliph and al-Khayzuran, a Yemeni slave girl, Harun came to power following the death of his brother, Abu Abdullah Musa ibn Mahdi al-Hadi. Harun was an able ruler, and his reign was a time of scientific and cultural advancement and prosperity for his subjects. During his reign the Caliphate stretched from Spain in the west to Anatolia in the north to India in the east, and it was the largest and most powerful political entity in the world. Harun al-Rashid (which translates roughly as "Aaron the Rightly Guided") was the fifth Abbasid Caliph, ruling the Arabian Empire from 786 to 809 AD. ![]() Harun likes to make friends with city-states or protect them. He will often avoid declaring war on anyone, but he tends to become guarded and can often backstab his allies. Harun is not very bold and shows little interest in raising an offensive army. Apart from those, he will try to build as many wonders as he can. He also puts a strong emphasis on Science and Happiness. Harun tends to focus primarily on religion and Gold. He will almost never try a domination victory. Harun al-Rashid will go for any victory condition, but will most often choose a scientific victory. ![]()
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